World History › Section I · Islam and the caliphates › Topic I.2
The Arab-Islamic conquests and first Islamic states
Within a century of Muhammad's death, his successors ruled from Spain to the Indus. This topic follows the conquests, how the new rulers governed mostly non-Muslim subjects, and the civil wars that produced Islam's first dynasty, the Umayyads.
In this topic
- Who would lead?
- Into Syria and Iraq
- Egypt and North Africa
- Worked example: why were the conquests so fast?
- Ruling the conquered
- Worked example: a receipt from 643
- Civil war among the caliphs
- The Umayyad dynasty
- The limits of expansion
- Arabs and mawali
- Common mistakes to avoid
- Key takeaways
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