Electrical Engineering › Section M · Transformers and polyphase systems › Topic M.4
Equivalent circuits, coupled coils, and air-core transformers
Real transformers have resistance, leakage and core losses that the ideal model ignores. An equivalent circuit puts those effects back as ordinary R and L elements, and the same thinking, with the dot convention, handles coupled coils and air-core transformers.
In this topic
- Beyond the ideal transformer
- The full equivalent circuit
- Referring everything to the primary
- Worked example: load voltage and regulation
- How frequency changes the picture
- Coils in series that share flux
- Worked example: measuring M
- The dot convention
- The air-core transformer
- Worked example: an air-core input impedance
- Common mistakes to avoid
- Key takeaways
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