Electrical Engineering › Section Q · Thyristors, operational amplifiers, and power conversion › Topic Q.9
Practical op-amp limits, models, and data
The ideal op-amp rules get a design most of the way. The rest depends on how a real part falls short: small offsets, input currents, finite speed and limited common-mode range, all listed on its data sheet and all predictable with a few formulas.
In this topic
- Where real op-amps fall short
- Common-mode effects and input range
- Input offset voltage and drift
- Worked example: output offset
- Input bias current
- Worked example: bias-current error
- Gain-bandwidth product
- Slew rate
- Worked example: choosing an op-amp
- From vacuum tubes to data sheets
- Common mistakes to avoid
- Key takeaways
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