Chemistry › Section C · Composition of substances and solutions › Topic C.4

Other concentration units

Molarity is the chemist's everyday unit, but product labels, medicine, water-quality limits and some physical laws use others. Each one answers a slightly different question about how much solute is present, and you need to be able to read and convert all of them.

In this topic

  • Why more than one unit?
  • Mass percentage
  • Worked example: salt in seawater
  • Volume and mass-volume percentages
  • Parts per million and per billion
  • Worked example: arsenic in a well
  • Molality
  • Mole fraction
  • Worked example: antifreeze
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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