World History › Section L · The Mongol Empire › Topic L.1

Song China and the steppe peoples

Song China was perhaps the richest and most inventive society of its age, yet it never matched its wealth with military power over its northern neighbours. This topic follows the Song alongside the Khitan, Tangut and Jurchen states, and ends on the Mongolian steppe, where a young outcast named Temujin was uniting the tribes.

In this topic

  • After the Tang
  • A state run by scholars
  • An economic revolution
  • Printing, compasses and gunpowder
  • The Khitan Liao and the Tangut Xi Xia
  • Worked example: the Treaty of Shanyuan
  • The Jurchen Jin and the fall of Kaifeng
  • Clans, tribes and a hard childhood
  • Temujin unites the steppe
  • Worked example: The Secret History of the Mongols
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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