World History › Section S · Latin American independence › Topic S.1
Revolution for whom?
Between 1808 and 1825 most of Spain's American empire broke away. But colonial society was deeply divided by birth, colour and wealth, so independence meant very different things to a creole landowner, an Andean villager, an enslaved worker and a free artisan of mixed descent.
In this topic
- Many revolutions in one
- A society ranked by birth
- Casta paintings and real life
- The Bourbon reforms
- Worked example: why the reforms angered creoles
- Revolts from below
- Worked example: the Caracas protest
- The crisis of 1808
- Juntas and sovereignty
- Cádiz and the restoration
- Common mistakes to avoid
- Key takeaways
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