World History › Section Q · The Atlantic world and a global economy › Topic Q.1

The Protestant Reformation

In 1517 a German friar's protest against the sale of indulgences grew into a movement that split western Christianity for good. This topic explains what the reformers taught, why their ideas spread, how the Catholic Church answered, and how religious division fed more than a century of war.

In this topic

  • One church, many critics
  • Indulgences and Luther's protest
  • What Luther taught
  • Worked example: why Luther survived when Hus did not
  • Zwingli and the Anabaptists
  • Calvin and predestination
  • England's break with Rome
  • The Catholic Reformation
  • Augsburg and the wars of religion
  • Worked example: reading a Reformation woodcut
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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