World History › Section V · World War I › Topic V.1

Alliances, expansion, and conflict

In 1900 Europe had gone almost a century without a war involving all its great powers. This topic follows how alliances, a late scramble for colonies and an arms race turned that peace into two armed camps by 1914.

In this topic

  • A long peace of short wars
  • Bismarck's web of treaties
  • Two blocs take shape
  • Weltpolitik and a late empire
  • Two crises over Morocco
  • Worked example: why the Moroccan gambles backfired
  • The naval race
  • Mass armies and war plans
  • Worked example: did the arms race cause the war?
  • A system built for deterrence
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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