Psychology › Section B · Psychological research › Topic B.2

Approaches to research

A psychology question arrives, and the researcher must choose a vehicle: the case study that knows one person deeply, the survey that knows thousands shallowly, the observation that watches, the archive that never forgets, and the experiment that decides. Each has a trade-off - and matching method to question is the researcher's first skill.

In this topic

  • A toolkit with trade-offs
  • Case studies: depth without breadth
  • Naturalistic observation
  • Structured observation and observer bias
  • Surveys: breadth without depth
  • Archival research
  • Longitudinal research
  • Cross-sectional research
  • Worked example: choosing the method
  • Worked example: spotting the confounds
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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