Computer Networking › Section B · The application layer › Topic B.2

The web and HTTP

Opening a single web page can trigger dozens of requests. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) defines those requests and replies, and its three versions in use today, HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2 and HTTP/3, show how a simple protocol has been reshaped for speed.

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In this topic

Pages, objects and URLs
Non-persistent and persistent connections
The request message
The response message
Worked example: timing a page load
Cookies: state on a stateless protocol
Web caching and conditional requests
Worked example: what a cache saves
HTTP/2: many streams, one connection
HTTP/3: HTTP over QUIC
Common mistakes to avoid
Key takeaways

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