Macroeconomics › Section U · Globalization and protectionism › Topic U.2

Trade, jobs, wages, and working conditions

The fiercest arguments about trade are about work: does it destroy jobs, push down wages, or reward bad working conditions abroad? The evidence gives a two-part answer. Trade changes which jobs exist far more than how many, but its costs can land hard on particular workers and places.

In this topic

  • Three worries
  • The number of jobs
  • Protection moves jobs around
  • Worked example: cost per job saved
  • Worked example: a tariff on an input
  • Trade and average wages
  • Winners and losers among workers
  • Why the damage varies
  • Working conditions abroad
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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