Macroeconomics › Section C · Demand and supply › Topic C.4

Price ceilings and price floors

Sometimes a government decides a market price is too high or too low and legislates a different one. The demand-supply model predicts exactly what follows: a binding ceiling brings shortage, a binding floor brings surplus - and the side effects show up in places the law never mentioned.

In this topic

  • Why governments override prices
  • Price ceilings
  • Worked example: rent control
  • What a shortage does next
  • Price floors
  • Worked example: a minimum wage
  • How big are the real effects?
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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