Linear Algebra › Section D · Vector spaces › Topic D.2

Null spaces, column spaces, and kernels

Every matrix carries two subspaces: the vectors it sends to zero and the vectors it can produce. For a general linear transformation they become the kernel and the range, and together they decide whether the map is one-to-one or onto.

In this topic

  • Two subspaces from every matrix
  • The null space
  • Worked example: an explicit description of Nul A
  • The column space
  • Worked example: testing membership
  • Contrasting the two spaces
  • Kernel and range of a linear transformation
  • Worked example: differentiation
  • One-to-one, onto and isomorphisms
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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