English Composition › Section N · The annotated bibliography › Topic N.2

Why, when, and how to cite

A citation is a small piece of text that does a large job: it credits a source, lets readers find it, and shows where your thinking meets other people's. Knowing why and when to cite, and the logic behind the main styles, makes the details far easier to get right.

In this topic

  • Why we cite
  • What needs a citation
  • Worked example: deciding what to cite
  • Styles and disciplines
  • Two parts that work together
  • MLA 9: a template of core elements
  • APA 7: author, date, title, source
  • Worked example: one article, two styles
  • Citation generators and AI tools
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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