Electrical Engineering › Section X · Processors and integrated circuit technologies › Topic X.6
TTL circuits and other logic families
Before CMOS took over, digital systems were built from bipolar TTL chips, and their part numbers, 5 V levels and current rules still shape logic design. This topic opens up a TTL gate, then compares it with ECL, NMOS, PMOS, BiCMOS and E²CMOS.
In this topic
- Bipolar logic and the 74 series
- Inside a TTL NAND gate
- Worked example: why a LOW input pushes current out
- Totem-pole, open-collector and tri-state outputs
- Worked example: open-collector pull-ups and LEDs
- Unused TTL inputs
- Schottky TTL and its series
- Emitter-coupled logic
- PMOS, NMOS, BiCMOS and E²CMOS
- Common mistakes to avoid
- Key takeaways
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