Discrete Math › Section G · Additional topics › Topic G.2

Divisibility and primes

Number theory studies the integers, and its oldest questions are about which numbers divide which and how numbers break into primes. Those questions are more than two thousand years old, yet they now underpin the encryption that protects online banking.

In this topic

  • Whole numbers only
  • Divisibility
  • The division algorithm
  • Primes and composites
  • Worked example: testing a number for primality
  • The fundamental theorem of arithmetic
  • Reading divisors from a factorisation
  • Worked example: there are infinitely many primes
  • Finding and counting primes
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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