Differential Equations › Section E · Systems of differential equations › Topic E.1

Review: matrices, vectors, and eigenvalues

Every method in this section turns a system of differential equations into a question about a matrix. This review gathers the linear algebra you will lean on: solving linear systems, matrix arithmetic, determinants, inverses, independence and, above all, eigenvalues and eigenvectors.

In this topic

  • Why matrices, and why now
  • Solving linear systems by row reduction
  • Worked example: a three-by-three system
  • Matrix arithmetic
  • Determinants, inverses and independence
  • Eigenvalues and eigenvectors
  • Worked example: two real eigenvalues
  • Multiplicity and complex eigenvalues
  • Worked example: complex eigenvalues
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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