Differential Equations › Section G · Higher order differential equations › Topic G.3

Undetermined coefficients and variation of parameters

Both methods for finding a particular solution carry over to any order. Undetermined coefficients needs only one extension, a modification power that can now exceed 2, while variation of parameters becomes a determinant formula.

In this topic

  • Finding one particular solution
  • Undetermined coefficients and the modification power
  • Worked example: a triple root
  • Worked example: two separate modifications
  • Worked example: a cantilever beam
  • Variation of parameters for order n
  • Worked example: a forcing that guessing cannot handle
  • Which method to use
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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