Computer Science › Section C · Data manipulation › Topic C.5
Communicating with other devices
A CPU and its memory are useless without keyboards, screens, drives and networks. This topic shows how the processor reaches those devices through controllers, how the two sides keep in step, and how data rates decide what a connection can carry.
In this topic
- Beyond the CPU and memory
- Controllers and ports
- Memory-mapped I/O and I/O instructions
- Handshaking and status words
- Worked example: waiting for a display
- Polling versus interrupts
- Direct memory access
- The von Neumann bottleneck
- Serial and parallel links
- Worked example: data rates
- Common mistakes to avoid
- Key takeaways
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