Computer Science › Section B · Data storage › Topic B.1

Bits, gates, and flip-flops

Everything a computer holds, from a photo to a program, comes down to millions of switches that are either on or off. This topic shows how those two-state values are combined by logic gates, how a circuit can remember a single bit, and how people write long bit patterns compactly.

In this topic

  • Bits are symbols
  • Boolean operations
  • Truth tables
  • Gates: Boolean operations in hardware
  • Worked example: a half adder
  • A circuit that remembers
  • Worked example: setting the latch
  • Hexadecimal notation
  • Worked example: converting with hex
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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