Calculus › Section C · Derivatives › Topic C.5

Implicit differentiation

Many curves refuse to be written as y in terms of x: circles, ellipses, the orbits of physics. Implicit differentiation finds their slopes anyway, without ever solving for y.

In this topic

  • Curves that are not functions
  • The key move: y is a function of x
  • Worked example: an ellipse
  • The four-step routine
  • Worked example: a curve with a product term
  • Worked example: a tangent line
  • Level and vertical tangents from the formula
  • Second derivatives, implicitly
  • Where this shows up
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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Standards: 3

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