Calculus › Section P · Vector analysis › Topic P.3

Conservative fields and path independence

Some force fields keep a promise: the work between two points is the same on every route. A potential function is the promise in writing, and a one-line test tells you when to expect it.

In this topic

  • The fundamental theorem for line integrals
  • Path independence and closed loops
  • Testing for a potential
  • Worked example: hunting a potential
  • Worked example: the payoff
  • Worked example: three variables
  • The hole in the fine print
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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Standards: Beyond AP

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