Astronomy › Section D · Earth, Moon, and sky › Topic D.3

Keeping time and the calendar

Clocks and calendars look like human inventions, but every one of them is built on astronomy: Earth's spin, the Moon's phases and Earth's trip around the Sun. The trouble is that these three cycles don't fit neatly together.

In this topic

  • Two kinds of day
  • Worked example: stars rise earlier each night
  • Sundial time and mean solar time
  • Time zones and the date line
  • Worked example: local time between two towns
  • The calendar problem
  • Calendars around the world
  • From Julius Caesar to Pope Gregory
  • Worked example: how good is each calendar?
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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