Anatomy & Physiology › Section O · The endocrine system › Topic O.6
Secondary endocrine organs and aging
The heart, gut, kidneys, liver, skin, bone and fat all release hormones alongside their main jobs. This topic surveys those secondary endocrine organs, then looks at where the endocrine glands come from in the embryo and how hormone systems change with age.
In this topic
- Hormones from unexpected places
- Hormones of the digestive tract
- The kidneys and the liver
- Skin, bone and the vitamin D chain
- Adipose tissue and the thymus
- Worked example: a rise in blood volume
- Worked example: when the kidneys fail
- Endocrine disruptors
- Where endocrine glands come from
- How the endocrine system ages
- Common mistakes to avoid
- Key takeaways
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