Anatomy & Physiology › Section J · The muscular system › Topic J.3

Muscles of the head, neck, and back

A smile, a glance, a bite and an upright spine all depend on muscles of the head, neck and back. This topic tours them from the face downward, giving each muscle's attachments and actions and the logic that links them.

In this topic

  • Axial muscles and facial expression
  • Muscles of the face
  • Muscles that move the eye
  • Worked example: the superior oblique looks down
  • Muscles of mastication
  • The tongue and the hyoid bone
  • Muscles that move the head
  • Worked example: looking over your left shoulder
  • The erector spinae
  • Deep back muscles and the scalenes
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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