American Government › Section F · Public opinion › Topic F.2

How public opinion is measured

A well-designed poll of about 1,000 people can describe the views of more than 250 million adults, while a badly designed poll of millions can miss by a mile. The difference lies in sampling, question design and honest reporting of uncertainty.

In this topic

  • From straw polls to science
  • The lesson of 1936
  • Worked example: diagnosing the Digest's failure
  • Populations and samples
  • Sample size and margin of error
  • Worked example: is the race really close?
  • How polls reach people
  • Wording and order
  • When respondents and timing mislead
  • Push polls and judging quality
  • Common mistakes to avoid
  • Key takeaways

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