Where political opinions come from
People are not born with political views; they acquire them through a lifelong process.
Political socialisation
Political socialisation is how people learn political beliefs and values. Family is usually the first and strongest influence; many people share their parents' party identification. Schools teach civic knowledge and patriotism, peers and religious communities shape attitudes, and the media provides information and frames issues.
Ideology
An ideology is a coherent set of beliefs about government's proper role. In the United States, liberals generally favour a larger government role in the economy and social programmes and more personal freedom on social issues; conservatives generally favour limited economic regulation, lower taxes, and traditional social values. Libertarians want minimal government in both areas.
Life events and generations
Major events, such as wars, recessions, or the September 11 attacks, can shape a whole generation's outlook. Political views tend to stabilise in early adulthood but can shift with life changes like marriage, parenthood, or a new job. Race, religion, region, gender, and education are all linked to differences in opinion.
Flashcard
Learning political beliefs and values
Check your understanding
A voter supports lower taxes and less economic regulation but also wants government to stay out of personal social choices. This view is closest to: